TMJ disorder and pain

What is TMJ?

When people mention “TMJ,” they are often referring to the temporomandibular joint itself, but more commonly, they mean temporomandibular disorders (TMD). TMD encompasses issues not only with the joint but also with the surrounding muscles. The TMJ is the most frequently used joint in the body, located just in front of each ear where the skull and jaw connect. Each side of the jaw has a small, shock-absorbing disk made of cartilage that separates the skull from the lower jaw. Individuals have two TMJs—one on each side—both of which can be affected by disorders.

What Causes TMJ Disorders?

Diagnosing a TMJ disorder requires a comprehensive history, physical examination, and sometimes diagnostic tests. Several factors can lead to a TMJ disorder, including:

– Injuries to the lower jaw or facial area.

– Damage to the TMJ cartilage due to arthritis, dislocation, or erosion.

– Connective tissue diseases impacting the bones or soft tissues.

– Chronic teeth grinding or clenching, which can harm the disk.

– Misalignment of the teeth or jaw.

– Inflammation of the muscles surrounding the TMJ.

Symptoms of TMJ Disorders

TMJ disorders often arise from multiple contributing factors and can present a range of symptoms.

TMJ disorder is suspected if a patient reports any of the following:

– Difficulty opening or closing the mouth or limited opening of the mouth

– Pain in the jaw or cheekbone

– Discomfort or fatigue in the jaw while eating

– Headaches or earaches

– Ringing in the ears

– Clicking or popping noises during mouth movements

– Changes in bite alignment

– Difficulty moving the jaw

– Pain when pressing on the TMJ area or surrounding jaw muscles

TMJ Disorder Treatments

Many TMJ issues can be effectively managed with conservative approaches. Minimally invasive treatments for TMJ discomfort may include cold laser therapy, short-term medications, such as anti-inflammatory drugs or muscle relaxants. Common first-line treatments also include splint or decompression, physical therapy, and stress management techniques.

For patients experiencing chronic TMJ pain, more extensive treatments may be necessary. 

Diagnose and Treat TMJ Disorders with Dr. Erica Sok.

Diagnosing and treating TMJ disorders can be intricate and may involve several diagnostic tests, imaging studies, and treatment adjustments. If you suspect you have a TMJ disorder, please contact us at 703-707-8500 to learn more and develop a personalized treatment plan.